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English translation: beam press/lever and screw press
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| 23:33 Jan 28, 2007 |
| German to English translations [PRO] Science - Archaeology / Roman winemaking | |||||||
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|  Selected response from: Lancashireman United Kingdom Local time: 05:09 | ||||||
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| Summary of answers provided | ||||
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| 3 | lever and screw press |
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| 2 | beam press |
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| Discussion entries: 4 | |
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Answers
32 mins confidence: 
beam press Explanation: I'll pitch this at CL2 because Kim's research is usually reliable. However, it's worth entering as an alternative since your context says nothing about 'screws'. This answer is based on the cognates 'Baum>beam" rather than the dictionary definition 'Baum = tree'. I'll leave you to google it more thoroughly yourself, Stephen. http://www.classicalwines.com/bodegas/alenza.htm |
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22 mins confidence:
lever and screw press Explanation: I based my search on the "hölzerne Hebelpressen" in the description below. Hebel = lever. Your photo seems to indicate screws were used. Doch bereits bei den Römern kamen hölzerne Hebelpressen zum Einsatz, sogenannte Kelterbäume oder Baumkeltern. Nördlich der Alpen wurde diese Technik vermutlich direkt von den Römern übernommen; möglich ist jedoch auch eine Wiederbelebung des Kelterbaumes im Rahmen der frühmittelalterlichen Klosterkultur. Die Tatsache, dass viele Bauteile einer Baumkelter lateinische Bezeichnungen tragen, lässt keinen Schluss über deren zeitliche Übernahme im südwestdeutschen Raum zu. Solche Keltern wurden zum Teil bis in die 1960er Jahre benutzt. In den Kelterhäusern waren zumeist mehrere Kelterbäume untergebracht. Während die ersten mechanischen Keltern den zum Pressen nötigen Druck mit Hilfe einer Spindel erzeugten (siehe auch Spindelpresse), funktionieren moderne Keltermaschinen mit Druckluft und automatischer Steuerung. http://www.blinkbits.com/de_wikifeeds/Torggl In the first century AD two different types of wine press were known in Italy: the traditional lever press (named the "Cato press" after the agronomist Cato the Elder who studied its operation) and the new lever and screw press, which was added with a screw ensuring better pressing, even in smaller presses. The most widespread press used in Vesuvian farms was the lever one, requiring a number of fixed structures (pits, trapdoors and tunnels) in which the mobile wooden equipment was set. Strong pressure required blocking of the press components: the two upright front elements (stipites) to which a winch (sucula) was linked for winding the rope lowering the end of the prelurn and the upright rear element (arbor) to which the other end of the prelum was connected. The weight of the prelum and the operation of the sucula caused it to be gradually lowered onto the heap of marcs gathered in a wooden crate below. A trapdoor close to the arbor and the one close to the stipites allowed access to the underground and anchoring the wooden parts to the ground. http://www.pompeii-restaurant.com/boscoreale_country_house.a... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 4 hrs (2007-01-29 04:16:22 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- I found some more info, including a nice photo. I don't know if torculum would be a good translation because it doesn't seem to be very common. Informationen über Baumkelter Auch Torkel oder Torggel genannt. Bei der Baumkelter handelt es sich um eine der ältesten Keltern überhaupt. Sie ist schon von den Römern benutzt worden. Zur Zeit der Römer wurden die Trauben mit den Füßen zerstampft und wurden dann zum Auspressen in die Kelter gegeben. Die Baumkelter ist sehr groß und wurde deshalb meist im Freien oder in einem speziellen Schuppen aufgestellt. http://www.ps-wein.de/wein_info/weinwissen/B/baumkelter.htm Presses that were occasionally used along the Adriatic coast and in its hinterland operated on the principle of direct pressure by means of one or two wooden vertical screws. The type of press whose massive horizontal beam serves the purpose of a lever spread in northern parts of Croatia is considered to be a Central European import. Simple application of the lever principle at pressing was known already back in ancient Greece. Romans took over their press types and furtherly advanced them. The type shown on the photograph was described already by Heron. In Rome, it was well-known already in the year 25 BC, under the name of "Greek press" (torculum graecanicum). photo http://www.mdc.hr/etno/eng/6-9-gospodarstvo/6-9gospodarstvo-... |
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