This question was closed without grading. Reason: Answer found elsewhere
May 19, 2022 14:02
2 yrs ago
42 viewers *
French term

société anonyme fermée

French to English Law/Patents Law (general) Company Articles of Association
Part of an explanation of how a company was funded by contributions in kind from various other companies (they are all sociétés anonymes)
Some of them are described as "ouverte" and others "fermée"

Does this means the "closed" companies are only "open" to specific private shareholders?

Discussion

AllegroTrans (asker) May 19, 2022:
Well, in my book If anyone posts their opinion (even if they remove it), that amounts to a comment. Anyway, no harm done. Peace.
writeaway May 19, 2022:
@AT = it was not a comment as such It was part of the reason (required) explaining why I hid the reference I posted. It was never meant to be public. You post long, detailed and researched helpful references for others and I felt a bit played since you ignored the reference and simply announced you had already found the answer. My opinion is just that -my opinion
AllegroTrans (asker) May 19, 2022:
Funny A comment by Writeaway came on here and almost instantly vanished. She alleges that I only posted the question to boast that "I had the job". What utter nonsense.
Anastasia Kalantzi May 19, 2022:
@ Allegro Dont't worry, I wasn't sure about my suggestion either.. We don't use these company names or appellations here in Greece either... All along, I suspected something was wrong or strangely echoing. Anonymous private limited and all that, that's ok so far. I don't know why closed and open are used in investopedia..
AllegroTrans (asker) May 19, 2022:
Thank you Steve This was what I also found, and it answered my question and that is why I closed it.
Steve Robbie May 19, 2022:
Is the company French? When I search for it, I find several French sources discussing Russian companies. In that context, open and closed look like literal translations of the Russian, and the distinction seems to be between "public" and "private", i.e. a company whose shares are freely tradable (whether or not on a bourse) and one where transfers are restricted.
https://fr.rusbiznews.com/about/faq/1

Proposed translations

21 mins

closed corporation / closed company

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/closed-corporation.asp
What Is Closed Corporation?
A closed corporation is a company whose shares are held by a select few individuals who are usually closely associated with the business.

What is the difference between open and closed corporations?
The difference lies primarily in the way that ownership, by way of shares, is distributed. In a close corporation, shares of the corporation are generally held by only a small number of people and are not available for sale or purchase in the public markets.
https://lawshelf.com/coursewarecontentview/open-versus-close...

A close company is a limited company with five or fewer 'participators', or a limited company of which all the 'participators' are also directors. For most ...
https://www.freeagent.com/glossary/close-company/
Peer comment(s):

neutral Adrian MM. : likelier to be closed- vs. open-end than a (US) closed corporation (UK) close company, usually a family business and a tax concept only.
5 hrs
It could be; as far as I am concerned, I know quite much about Homonymous Company we've had as a family for 40 years regarding machine rectifying shop; closed-open companies don't exist here named like that..
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